This is a very valuable new biography of John of Gaunt. As usual with this author, the incredibly complex network of family relationships is successfully navigated.

There is a fair amount of ‘correction of the record’. For example, Duchess Blanche did not die of plague in 1369, but of unknown causes in 1368. Duchess Constanza was not a horrid, smelly, religious fanatic, but a beautiful woman, almost certainly blonde, religiously devout but by no means fanatical or obsessed. Katherine Swynford was probably some years older than was once thought. You will find many more clarifications of this kind.

It is a pity that little of Gaunt‘s personal character shines through, but then this is not a novel but a factual account based on sources. One thing is for sure. He was incredibly wealthy. His brothers were simply not in the same league, financially. It seems he was often thought to be aloof and even arrogant, but he was in fact capable of individual acts of kindness and generosity. Like Mr Darcy, the impression is that he was a ‘good master’ to those who served him and to his tenants.

A very useful part of the book is an almost complete translation of Gaunt’s enormously long and complex will. (However ill he was at the end, if he dictated all its detailed provisions, he must have retained his mental acuity to the day of his death.) His alms to the poor, as intended, were equivalent to millions in modern money. This was only part of the bequests he intended for the welfare of his soul.

This is a book well worth having for anyone interested in Gaunt, his family, or the era in general. Recommended.


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  1. I have to agree with Sighthound concerning this much-needed biography. Kathryn Warner is always eminently readable, and can be relied upon to dig out small facts that pass other historians by…and to correct the oft-repeated chestnuts. John of Gaunt is not my favourite by any means, and nothing will ever convince me he didn’t set out to force his own line on to the succession. And this was before it could be suspected that Richard II might never produce heirs of his own. Gaunt was busy from the outset. By this I mean that he worked on the dying Edward III to exclude the Mortimers (from a more senior royal son) from the throne because they descended through a female line. Apparently such an entail was indeed forthcoming, which was pretty rich considering Edward claimed the throne of France through his mother, and Gaunt claimed Castile through his wife. One rule for them, another for everyone else. So praise for Gaunt as the epitome of noble, good and fair always rings a little false for me. Nevertheless, Ms Warner managed (from time to time!) to make me actually like him! Such moments were fleeting, I hasten to add, but it’s a mark of the book’s quality that they ever came into being! The upshot is that I thoroughly enjoyed reading it, and don’t hesitate to recommend it to others.

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  2. […] in Berkshire. Richard’s first cousin Henry of Bolingbroke, Earl of Derby, son and heir of John of Gaunt, was on a reise to Prussia. Little love was lost between the cousins. and Henry seems to have […]

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  3. […] Mortimers were, of course, descended from Lionel of Clarence, a more senior son of Edward III than John of Gaunt, from whom the Lancastrian side claimed […]

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  4. […] 1385, Owain was a member of John of Gaunt‘s retinue during the large-scale invasion of Scotland that year. A year later, at Chester, in […]

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  5. […] Appellant triumph, although complete, did not last long. Richard II soon regained his power, but at first ruled moderately, under the influence of, among others, his […]

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  6. […] John of Gaunt‘s daughter married one of their kings, Richard III tried to marry the sister of another (whilst Charles II did) and a cardinal succeeded to their throne as the last legitimate domestic heir but wasn’t allowed to resign holy orders and died a year or so later, to be succeeded by the Spanish Habsburgs for six decades. Apart from that, the monarchy of Portugal, England’s oldest ally, was not interrupted, except briefly by Napoleonic forces, from 1139 until 1910, when Manoel II abdicated. So who would be his successor today? […]

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  7. […] with many other history series, the author’s research is cumulative and I look forward to learning […]

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  8. […] the back dear reader….  The monument  was created from alabaster that came from the quarries of John of Gaunt,  duke of Lancaster,  at Tutbury.  All three wear collars of Lancastrian SSs and it’s unusual […]

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  9. […] you could literally sell her to a third party, as Joan Mohun sold her relation, Matilda Burhersh to John of Gaunt so she could be married to Thomas Chaucer, Gaunt’s client. What you were not supposed to do […]

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  10. […] of March. It was of course an excellent way of providing for her, given that March was next only to John of Gaunt in value of estates. But if Kent had not valued Alianore, if he had seen her as a mere pawn to be […]

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  11. […] set up their headquarters at Boulogne and travelled several times a week to Leulinghem to meet Lancaster and Gloucester. The bleak flats around the village were transformed into a scene of unparalleled […]

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  12. […] he came to the throne as a boy in 1377. Thomas was the youngest uncle of three, the other two were John of Gaunt and Edmund of Langley (Edmund was the least troublesome.) They wanted to run the realm in […]

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  13. […] is another of Kathryn Warner‘s volumes in which the genealogy is central but there is plenty of history about the […]

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  14. […] Coldharbour including a mysterious building known as le Toure.  After her fall from grace,  John of Gaunt in 1378  obtained a grant for life for the new Inn lately belonging to Alice Perrers near the […]

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  15. […] all know the story of John of Gaunt and Katherine Swynford/de Roët. It was a wonderful, passionate love affair that ended with Gaunt, […]

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  16. […] in doing so he  became a favourite of Richard II.   These members of the  nobility included  John of Gaunt,  Thomas of Woodstock, Henry Bolingbroke (the future Henry IV),  the Staffords and ‘royal […]

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  17. […] after Henry had Sir William hanged after Bosworth.This second case, of which I was reminded in Kathryn Warner‘s The Despensers, doesn’t involve direct ancestry on both sides but does relate to a […]

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  18. […] the lady on the palfrey is probably Sir John’s wife, Elizabeth of Lancaster, daughter of John of Gaunt, who had been a Lady of the Garter since 1378, although she doesn’t appear to be wearing the […]

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  19. […] beauty is reputed to have been given by John of Gaunt (1340-1399) to his mistress and subsequent third wife, Katheryn Swinford (1350-1403).  The […]

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  20. […] always been a mere second best?  He should try having the Black Prince, Lionel of Clarence, John of Gaunt and Edmund of Langley ahead of him in the pecking order. Harry has had it easy in comparison. As […]

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  21. […] called ‘the King’s husband.’ There is some evidence, moreover, identified by Kathryn Warner, that Edward was also extremely close to his niece, Eleanor. In any event, the Despensers became […]

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  22. […] meet someone they forgot: Joan of 0.405 hectares. Perhaps her great-great-nephew should be known as John of Ghent, to avoid encouraging eating […]

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  23. […] woman as your real wife has now passed away.We have examined the case of your great-grandparents John of Gaunt and Catherine de Roet, she being his mistress and marrying him later, such that they were […]

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  24. […] small son, Richard of Bordeaux, to inherit the crown of Edward III. The next brother to Lionel was John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster. Then came Edmund of Langley, Duke of York, and finally Thomas of Woodstock, […]

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  25. […] was included, even though she was never a queen, and the same goes for Katherine Swynford, wife of John of Gaunt and mother to the Beauforts who were forebears of both the House of York and the Tudors . […]

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  26. […] interests, although it would have been counterproductive if he hadn’t announced it. Warner‘s Long Live the King has found evidence that Edward II may have survived his deposition by up […]

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  27. […] took him across the path of none other than Richard II’s powerful self-important uncle, John of Gaunt,  who did his best to bring William down, but failed. William outlived […]

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  28. […] our Sir Edward, who had close links to the Earl of Arundel,  finding himself on the wrong side of John of Gaunt ended up in prison not once but twice when in June 1384 in a culmination of the long running feud […]

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  29. […] of Katherine de Roët, who is known to history as Katherine Swynford and who became the mistress of John of Gaunt. Eventually she became his third Duchess of Lancaster, so Chaucer had some very hand high […]

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  30. […] here we come to the nub of it. When his father, Gaunt died, Richard seized poor Harry Bolingbroke’s lands. He disinherited him. Crime of the […]

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  31. […] debts? (Please note that there is another theory about this marriage, which is that it was Gaunt‘s doing. It’s suggested that Gaunt offered William freedom from prosecution if he […]

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  32. […] they are again, John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster, and Katherine de Roët/Swynford, the mistress who became his third duchess and […]

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  33. […] may recall that John of Gaunt and Edmund of Langley married two Spanish sisters. (Contrary to the belief of at least one eminent […]

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  34. […] Duke of Buckingham. He was three times descended from Edward III, through Thomas of Woodstock and John of Gaunt (twice), although you will note that there are still some gaps in his pedigree. This Earl is […]

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  35. […] here we have one of Kathryn Warner‘s earlier books. It describes the life and career of Edward II’s third and final […]

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  36. […] the expedition could only have succeeded with the assistance of John of Gaunt. Gaunt sat on his hands in England and did literally nothing to assist his brother. However, it was all […]

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  37. […] late April 1388, John of Gaunt‘s son-in-law Sir John Holand returned to England from the Spanish peninsula, where he had […]

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  38. […] went when she was adult, because in 1399 Richard II was usurped and murdered by his first cousin, John of Gaunt’s son and heir, Henry Bolingbroke who became the first Lancastrian king of […]

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  39. […] was not wealthy enough to buy additional lands for his younger son, as his obscenely rich brother did for the benefit of the […]

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  40. […] the Appellants had imposed. As his position strengthened, aided by the support of his uncle, John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster, he decided to take out the three senior […]

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  41. […] the Appellants had imposed. As his position strengthened, aided by the support of his uncle, John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster, he decided to take out the three senior […]

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  42. […] John of Gaunt‘s lands had indeed been taken into the King’s hands and some had temporarily been devolved to others. However, the very grants made it clear that this was only until Henry or his heir sued for them in Chancery. They were not forfeited. […]

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